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内容简介
《磁性物理学和磁性材料》是一部讲述磁性基础理论的教程。书中讲述了磁矩起源，应用磁性场的响应，不同的相互作用产生了固体中磁序的不同形式，及其许多例子。书中以能够让读者充分理解材料性质的深度讲述了晶场模拟效应，晶场模拟效应在材料性质的扮演着重要角色，并以同样深度讲述了巡回电子磁性。书中还特别讲述了磁晶磁性各向异性和磁热效应，一般磁性计算知识也得以呈现。书中有一半的内容用于讲述磁性材料和性质，这使得其应用广泛。另外，《磁性物理学和磁性材料》很有技巧地讲述了永磁体、高密度记录材料、软磁性材料、invar合金和磁控材料。目次：引入；原子矩的起源；自由离子的顺磁性；磁性有序状态；晶体场；逆磁性；巡回电子磁性；基本概念和单位；测量技巧；磁性材料中的热效应；磁性的各向异性；永磁体；高密度记录材料；软磁性材料；invar合金；磁控材料。
读者对象：物理专业、材料科学和工程以及电子工程材料的高年级本科生和研究生，以及相关专业的科研人员。
目录
chapter1.introductionchapter2.theoriginofatomicmoments
2.1.spinandorbitalstatesofelectrons.
2.2.thevectormodelofatoms
chapter3.paramagnetismoffreeions
3.1.thebriliouinfunction
3.2.thecurielaw
references
chapter4.themagneticallyorderedstate
4.1.theheisenbergexchangeinteractionandtheweissfield
4.2.ferromagnetism
4.3.antiferromagnetism
4.4.ferrimagnetism
references
chapter5.crystalfields
5.1.introduction
5.2.quantum-mechanicaltreatment
5.3.experimentaldeterminationofcrystal-fieldparameters
5.4.thepoint-chargeapproximationanditslimitations
.5.5.crystal-field-inducedanisotropy
5.6.asimplifiedviewof4f-electronanisotropy
references
chapter6.diamagnetism
reference
chapter7.itinerant-electronmagnetism
7.1.introduction
7，2.susceptibilityenhancement
7.3.strongandweakferromagnetism
7.4.intersublatticecouplinginalloysofrareearthsand3dmetals
references
chapter8.somebasicconceptsandunits
references
chapter9.measurementtechniques
9.1.thesusceptibilitybalance
9.2.thefaradaymethod
9.3.thevibrating-samplemagnetometer
9.4.thesquidmagnetometer
references
chapter10.caloriceffectsinmagneticmaterials
10.1.thespecific-heatanomaly
10.2.themagnetocaloriceffect
references
chapter11.magneticanisotropy
references
chapter12.permanentmagnets
12.1.introduction
12.2.suitabilitycriteria
12.3.domainsanddomainwalls
12.4.coercivitymechanisms
12.5.magneticanisotropyandexchangecouplinginpermanent-magnetmaterialsbasedonrare-earthcompounds
12.6.manufacturingtechnologiesofrare-earth-baseamagnets
12.7.hardferrites
12.8.alnicomagnets
references
chapter13.high-densityrecordingmaterials
13.1.introduction
13.2.magneto-opticalrecordingmaterials
13.3.materialsforhigh-densitymagneticrecording
references
chapter14.soft-magneticmaterials
14.1.introduction
14.2.surveyofmaterials
14.3.therandom-anisotropymodel
14.4.dependenceofsoft-magneticpropertiesongrainsize
14.5.headmaterialsandtheirapplications
14.5.1high-densitymagnetic-inductionheads
14.5.2magnetoresistiveheads
references
chapter15.invaralloys
references
chapter16.magnetostrictivematerials
references
authorindex
subjectindex
前言/序言
ThefirstaccountsofmagnetismdatebacktotheancientGreekswhoalsogavemagnetismitsname.ItderivesfromMagnesia，aGreektownandprovinceinAsiaMinor，theetymologicaloriginoftheword"magnet"meaning"thestonefromMagnesia."Thisstoneconsistedofmagnetite（Fe304）anditwasknownthatapieceofironwouldbecomemagnetizedwhenrubbedwithit.Moreseriouseffortstousethepowerhiddeninmagneticmaterialsweremadeonlymuchlater.Forinstance，inthe18thcenturysmallerpiecesofmagneticmaterialswerecombinedintoalargermagnetbodythatwasfoundtohavequiteasubstantialliftingpower.ProgressinmagnetismwasmadeafterOersteddiscoveredin1820thatamagneticfieldcouldbegeneratedwithanelectriccurrent.Sturgeonsuccessfullyusedthisknowledgetoproducethefirstelectromagnetin1825.Althoughmanyfamousscientiststackledthephenomenonofmagnetismfromthetheoreticalside（Gauss，Maxwell，andFaraday）itismainly20thcenturyphysicistswhomusttakethecreditforgivingaproperdescriptionofmagneticmaterialsandforlayingthefoundationsofmoderntechnology.CurieandWeisssucceededinclarifyingthephenomenonofspontaneousmagnetizationanditstemperaturedependence.TheexistenceofmagneticdomainswaspostulatedbyWeisstoexplainhowamaterialcouldbemagnetizedandneverthelesshaveanetmagnetizationofzero.ThepropertiesofthewallsofsuchmagneticdomainswerestudiedindetailbyBloch，Landau，andNeel.
Magneticmaterialscanberegardednowasbeingindispensableinmoderntechnology.Theyarecomponentsofmanyelectromechanicalandelectronicdevices.Forinstance，anaveragehomecontainsmorethanfiftyofsuchdevicesofwhichtenareinastandardfamilycar.Magneticmaterialsarealsousedascomponentsinawiderangeofindustrialandmedicalequipment.Permanentmagnetmaterialsareessentialindevicesforstoringenergyinastaticmagneticfield.Majorapplicationsinvolvetheconversionofmechanicaltoelectricalenergyandviceversa，ortheexerfonofaforceonsoftferromagneticobjects.Theapplicationsofmagneticmaterialsininformationtechnologyarecontinuouslygrowing.
Inthistreatment，asurveywillbegivenofthemostcommonmodernmagneticmate-rialsandtheirapplications.Thelattercomprisenotonlypermanentmagnetsandinvaralloysbutalsoincludeverticalandlongitudinalmagneticrecordingmedia，magneto-opticalrecordingmedia，andheadmaterials.Manyofthepotentialreadersofthistreatisemayhavedevelopedconsiderableskillinhandlingtheoften-complexequipmentofmodeminformationtechnologywithouthavinganyknowledgeofthematerialsusedfordatastor-ageinthesesystemsandthephysicalprinciplesbehindthewritingandthereadingofthedata.Specialattentionisthereforedevotedtothesesubjects.
AlthoughthetopicMagneticMaterialsisofahighlyinterdisciplinarynatureandcom-binesfeaturesofcrystalchemistry，metallurgy，andsolidstatephysics，themainemphasiswillbeplacedhereonthosefundamentalaspectsofmagnetismofthesolidstatethatformthebasisforthevariousapplicationsmentionedandfromwhichthemostsalientoftheirpropertiescanbeunderstood.
Itwillbeclearthatallthesematterscannotbeproperlytreatedwithoutadiscussionofsomebasicfeaturesofmagnetism.Inthefirstpartabriefsurveywillthereforebegivenoftheoriginofmagneticmoments，themostcommontypesofmagneticordering，andmolecularfieldtheory.Attentionwillalsobepaidtocrystalfieldtheorysinceitisaprereq-
uisiteforagoodunderstandingoftheoriginofmagnetocrystallineanisotropyinmodempermanentmagnetmaterials.Thevariousmagneticmaterials，theirspecialproperties，andtheconcomitantapplicationswillthenbetreatedinthesecondpart.
